This article covers how to use the iostat command in Linux. In fact, iostat command is used to monitor CPU utilization and I/O (input /output) statistics of all the disks and file systems. nfsiostat command is used to monitor i/o statistics of network file system(NFS).

iostat command generally generates two reports:

• CPU utilization report.
• All disks i/o statistics report.

To generate the reports, iostat command reads some of the system files . These files are:

• /proc/diskstats for disk stats.
• /proc/stat for system stats.
• /sys for block device stats.
• /proc/devices for persistent device names.
• /proc/self/mountstats for all  the network filesystems.
• /proc/uptime for information regarding system uptime.

This article covers the different methods to check if the disk is HDD or SSD in a Linux operating system like Ubuntu 20.04 LTS server. In fact, Checking SSD/HDD health in Linux will help you to identify failed drives and they can be replaced before any data loss occurs. Therefore, If you are a system administrator and responsible for managing Linux systems in Datacenter, then, it is recommended to check the health of the SSD and HDD drives regularly. 

Checking SSD/HDD health in Linux will help you to identify failed drives and they can be replaced before any data loss occurs. 

How to use SMART monitoring tools in Linux ?

Smart monitoring tools is a control and monitoring utility for SATA, SCSI hard drives and solid state drive. The tool comes with a command called 'smartctl'.

Use yum to check which package provides smartctl command:

# yum provides smartctl

The output will suggest that smartmontools is the package that distributes smartctl command.

To Install smartmontools, run:

# yum install smartmontools

Use smartctl command:

# smartctl -a /dev/sda

This article covers the complete procedure of Installing VMware Workstation on Linux Mint 20.1 Ulyssa. In fact, VMware is a mature and stable virtualization solution that allows you to run multiple, isolated operating systems on a single machine. This enables one to have Virtual machines of different operating systems running off the host resources. 

The VMware Tools offer several useful functionalities such as faster graphics performance, shared folders, shared clipboards, drag and drop operations, and more.

This article covers the differences between Docker containers, LXD, and LXC. In fact, You can use any of these containers as per your working environment and the requirements as each container technology has its own advantage and the limitations. 

This article covers how to create and manage guest virtual machines on KVM from the command-line. In fact, KVM (Kernel based Virtual Machine) is an opensource virtualization technology built for Linux machines. It comprises a kernel module – kvm.ko which provides the core virtualization platform and a processor-specific module ( kvm-intel.ko for Intel processors or kvm-amd.ko for AMD processors ).

How to Install KVM, Qemu, virt-manager & libvirtd daemon ?

To install KVM and associated packages, run the below command:

$ sudo apt install -y qemu qemu-kvm libvirt-daemon libvirt-clients bridge-utils virt-manager

The command installs the following packages:

• qemu-kvm –  This is the main KVM package that provides virtualization support.
• libvirt – Includes the libvirtd daemon which supports creation and management of virtual machines.
• libvirt-client – This package provides the virsh utility used for interacting with virtual machines.
• virt-install – A utility that helps you to create virtual machines and install OS on those virtual machines from command line.
• virt-viewer – A utility that displays the graphical view for the virtual machine.

Once installed, we need to confirm if the required kvm modules are loaded. Therefore, run the command:

$ lsmod | grep kvm

Additionally, confirm that the libvirtd daemon is running as follows:

$ sudo systemctl status libvirtd.service

This article covers how to use the divmod() function in Python. In fact, Python divmod() function is employed to return a tuple that contains the value of the quotient and therefore the remainder when dividend is divided by the divisor. It takes two parameters where the first one is the dividend and the second one is the divisor.

Python divmod() function Parameter Values:

• divident - This parameter contains the number you want to divide.
• divisor - This parameter contains the number you want to divide with.