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Install Nginx on Ubuntu 20.04 - Step by Step process to implement it ?
This article covers how to install Nginx on the Ubuntu system. Also, you will learn how to configure the firewall and manage Nginx services.
Finally, you will see how to uninstall Nginx in case you no longer need it in your system.
Nginx is a free, open-source Linux application for web servers. It works as a reverse proxy server by directing web traffic to specific servers.
Also, Nginx is used for security and load-balancing, but can also function independently as a web server.
To Install Nginx From Ubuntu Repositories:
1. Update Software Repositories
It is important to refresh the repository lists before installing new software. This helps make sure that the latest updates and patches are installed.
Open a terminal window and enter the following:
$ sudo apt-get update2. Nginx is included in the Ubuntu 20.04 default repositories. Install it by entering the following command:
$ sudo apt-get install nginxHow to manage Nginx on Ubuntu ?
The behavior of Nginx can be adjusted. Use this to start or stop Nginx, or to enable or disable Nginx at boot.
Start by checking the status of the Nginx service:
$ sudo systemctl status nginxIf the status displays active (running), Nginx has already been started.
Press CTRL+z to exit the status display.
If Nginx is not running, use the following command to launch the Nginx service:
$ sudo systemctl start nginxTo set Nginx to load when the system starts, enter the following:
$ sudo systemctl enable nginxTo stop the Nginx service, enter the following:
$ sudo systemctl stop nginxTo prevent Nginx from loading when the system boots:
$ sudo systemctl disable nginxTo reload the Nginx service (used to apply configuration changes):
$ sudo systemctl reload nginxFor a hard restart of Nginx:
$ sudo systemctl restart nginxTo Test the Configuration
$ sudo nginx –tThe system should report that the configuration file syntax is OK, and that the configuration file test is successful.
Install KDE Plasma on Ubuntu 20.04 - Step by Step process to implement it ?
This article covers how to install KDE Plasma on Ubuntu 20.04 system. The Plasma desktop option will be available along with the standard Ubuntu system. Also, you will learn the steps to uninstall KDE Plasma from the Ubuntu system.
KDE is the short form for K Desktop Environment.
Plasma is the desktop environment and KDE is the umbrella project responsible for the development of Plasma desktop and a bunch of other applications.
To Install KDE desktop environment on Ubuntu:
For KDE Full - This is the complete KDE pack. It comes with the complete package and core KDE plasma desktop.
$ sudo apt install kde-full
For KDE Standard - It includes Plasma desktop with standard set of KDE apps such as Kate (default text editor), Konqueror (default web browser), Kget (Download Manager), KMail (email client), Dolphin (File Manager) and so on.
$ sudo apt install kde-standard
To install KDE Plasma Desktop:
Run the command - $ sudo apt install kde-plasma-desktop
Install Flask on Ubuntu 20.04 - Step by Step process to implement it ?
This article covers how to install Flask on Ubuntu 20.04. Flask is a powerful web framework for any developer. Unlike Django , by default Flask doesn’t include ORM, form validation, or any other functionalities provided by third-party libraries. Flask is built with extensions in mind, which are Python packages that add functionality to a Flask application.
Flask packages are included in the official Ubuntu repositories and can be installed using the apt package manager.
This is the simplest way to install Flask on Ubuntu 20.04, but not as flexible as installing in a virtual environment.
Also, the version included in the repositories may lag behind the latest version of Flask.
To install Flask on Ubuntu 20.04:
1. Ubuntu 20.04 ships with Python 3.8. You can verify that Python is installed on your system by typing:
$ python3 -V
2. The recommended way to create a virtual environment is by using the venv module, which is provided by the python3-venv package. Run the following command to install the package:
$ sudo apt install python3-venv
3. Create a new directory for the Flask application and switch into it:
$ mkdir flask_app && cd flask_app
4. Run the following command inside the directory to create the virtual environment:
$ python3 -m venv venv
The command will create a directory called venv, which contains a copy of the Python binary, the Pip package manager , the standard Python library, and other supporting files. You can use any name you want for the virtual environment.
5. To start using the virtual environment, you need to activate it with the activate script:
source venv/bin/activate
6. Now that the virtual environment is activated, use the Python package manager pip to install Flask:
$ pip install Flask
7. To verify the installation, run the following command, which prints the Flask version:
$ python -m flask --version
List Installed Packages in Ubuntu 20.04 - How to perform this task ?
This article covers how you can list installed packages on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS system. Also, you can also filter a specific package from the list and count the number of installed packages on your system.
You can list all installed packages with apt command or apt-get command on Ubuntu Linux.
You need to use the apt or apt-get or dpkg command to list all installed packages on an Ubuntu Linux server from the bash shell prompt.
To see what packages are installed on Ubuntu Linux:
1. Open the terminal application or log in to the remote server using ssh (e.g. ssh user@sever-name).
2. Run command apt list --installed to list all installed packages on Ubuntu.
3. To display a list of packages satisfying certain criteria such as show matching apache2 packages, run apt list apache.
To List all installed packages only:
The apt command displays both installed and packages available to install:
$ apt list --installed
To list or find out if a specific package installed or not:
Run package policy as follows:
$ apt list -a pkgNameHere
Schedule a Job in Cron to Run Every Hour in Ubuntu 20.04 - How to implement it ?
This article covers how a cron job can be scheduled to run every hour on Ubuntu System. Most Linux users are familiar with the Crontab job scheduler, which acts as a silent daemon that performs all the tasks assigned to it automatically, without any human intervention.
This job scheduler makes the life of a Linux user much easier, as the user can hand over all the frequently occurring tasks to the Crontab scheduler so that these tasks can be executed automatically according to a specified schedule.
To Start Crontab Service
Run the following command:
$ sudo systemctl start cron
To Check Status of Crontab Service
Execute the command:
$ sudo systemctl status cron
To Launch Crontab File:
Execute the command:
$ crontab –e
To Run a program or script every 5 or X minutes or hours on Linux:
1. Edit your cronjob file by running crontab -e command.
2. Add the following line for an every-5-minutes interval. */5 * * * * /path/to/script-or-program.
3. Save the file, and that is it.
Install Skype on Linux Mint 20 - How to perform this task ?
This article covers how to install Skype on Linux Mint 20 system. Skype is used to make free video and voice calls, send instant messages, and also to share files with other people on Skype.
However, if at any instance, you feel like you are getting more inclined towards some other application or Skype is not fulfilling your needs anymore, then you can easily remove it by following the removal method prescribed in this guide.
To Install Skype on Linux Mint using the Software Center:
1. Click ‘Menu’, type ‘Software Manager’ in the search box and launch it.
2. Search for ‘Skype’ in the Software Manager’s search box. You should see Skype and Skype (Flathub). These are just coming from two different sources. Click on only the “Skype” version. This is coming from the official Linux Mint’s Repository source.
3. Click “Install”, enter the Root password to complete the installation.
4. After the installation is complete, you can click on the “Launch” button or open the app from the “Applications” menu.
5. Start using Skype!
