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Best Open Sources Shells in Linux
This article covers the most popular shells among Linux users. In fact, Shell is an environment in which we can run our commands, programs, and shell scripts. There are different flavors of a shell, just as there are different flavors of operating systems. Each flavor of shell has its own set of recognized commands and functions. As Linux is flexible we can switch between shells easily without any additional configuration.
What is a Shell Prompt in Linux ?
The prompt, $, which is called the command prompt, is issued by the shell. While the prompt is displayed, you can type a command.
Shell reads your input after you press Enter. It determines the command you want executed by looking at the first word of your input. A word is an unbroken set of characters. Spaces and tabs separate words.
Following is a simple example of the date command, which displays the current date and time:
$date
Thu Jun 25 08:30:19 MST 2021Functions of Linux kernel:
- Controls all computer operations.
- Coordinates all executing utilities.
- Ensures that executing utilities do not interfere with each other or consume all system resources.
- Schedules and manages all system processes.
Install and Configure Fail2ban on Ubuntu 20.04 - Do it this way ?
This article covers how to install Fail2ban and protect SSH from illegitimate attempts. For webmasters or anyone managing Linux server that is accessible over the Internet, the risks of the server being compromised is high, so implementing best security practices to help mitigate these attacks should be a priority. In fact, Fail2ban is a tool that help protect Linux servers from brute force and other automated attacks by monitoring the services logs for malicious activity. It uses regular expressions to scan the server's logs for malicious attempts and bans offending IPs for a specific length of time using the system's firewall.
How to Install Fail2ban on any Linux system ?
Fail2ban packages are automatically included in Ubuntu repositories. To install it, simply run the commands below:
$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install fail2banOnce the installation is complete, the service should automatically start up and ready to be configured.
To check if the service is up and operational, run the commands below:
$ sudo systemctl status fail2ban
Install Steam on CentOS 8 - Follow this guide ?
This article covers the installation procedure of the Steam application on CentOS using the Flatpak package management tool.
Upgrade Debian 10 Buster to Debian 11 Bullseye - Step by Step guide ?
This article covers a step by step guide on how to perform upgrade from Debian 10 Buster to Debian 11 Bullseye. Before this upgrade, it is crucial that you make a backup of your data and system configurations. For cloud-based VMs one can quickly backup and restore using snapshots.
The most important things you have to backup are contents of /etc, /var/lib/dpkg, /var/lib/apt/extended_states and the output of dpkg –get-selections "*".
Debian 11 comes with the following features:
- Newer version of desktop environments such as Gnome 3.38, KDE Plasma 5.20, MATE 1.24, Xfce 4.16, LXDE 11, LXQt 0.16 e.t.c
- Linux Kernel 5.10LTS
- ExFAT support
- Package updates
- Printer and Scanner improvement
- Supports many architectures such as 32-bit and 64-bit PC, 64-bit ARM, ARMv7, ARM EABI, little-endian MIPS, 64-bit little-endian PowerPC, 64-bit little-endian MIPS, IBM System z e.t.c thus referred to as a universal operating system
Best tools to backup Linux system data and configurations:
- Rsync– a commandline utility tool used to backup personal and $ Home directory data
- Deja Dup– a GUI utility used to backup personal data.
- Timeshift– a tool used to backup system files and configurations.
- Restic– a commandline utility toolthat saves multiple revisions of files in an encrypted repository stored on different backends.
- Rsnapshot– this is a commandline utility tools that creates periodic snapshots for local and remote machines over ssh.
- Other tools include: Barman, BackupPC, Bup, Lsyncd, Bareos, Bacula, Duplicati, Borg e.t.c
List Tables in a MySQL Database - Best Methods ?
This article covers how to get information of the tables in the MySQL database. The following illustrates the syntax of the MySQL SHOW TABLES command:
SHOW TABLES;
Install Shotcut on Linux Mint 20 - The complete guide ?
This article covers the installation of Shotcut on a Linux Mint 20 system with the help of the Flatpak package manager. In fact, Shotcut is a Free, Open Source, Cross-Platform Video Editor.
