×


Search For:


Use Shutdown Command in Linux - On Ubuntu | Debian ?

This article covers how to use of shutdown command in Linux with different arguments. Learn more by visit the shutdown man page.

On Unix-like operating systems, the shutdown command shuts down or reboots the system.

The shutdown command brings the system down in a secure way. All logged-in users are notified that the system is going down, and login operations are blocked. It is possible to shut the system down immediately, or after a specified delay.

All processes are first notified that the system is going down by the signal SIGTERM. This gives programs like vi time to save the file being edited, mail and news processing programs a chance to exit cleanly, etc.


Good Linux commands:

  • halt — Stop the computer.
  • poweroff — Stop the computer.
  • reboot — Stop the computer.
  • wall — Send a message to all logged-in users.

Read More

Wget Command Examples on Linux Command Line

This article covers different wget command for different operations along with options. Wget is a command line utility in linux to download files from the internet. It provides many features such as downloading multiple files, resuming stopped downloads, limiting the bandwidth, downloading in the background and can be used for taking mirrors of the site. Wget supports HTTP, HTTPS and FTP protocol to connect server and download files.

You can learn more about Wget visit the GNU wget Manual page.


How to Install wget on Ubuntu | Debian ?

If your operating system is Ubuntu, or another Debian-based Linux distribution which uses APT for package management, you can install wget with apt-get:

$ sudo apt-get install wget

Read More

Install and Configure VNC on Debian 9 - Step by Step Process ?

This article covers how to install and configure VNC on Debian Linux System. Also, you will learn how to connect it from Linux, MacOS and Windows local system and manage your Debian 9 server easily using a graphic interface.
VNC (Virtual Network Computing) is a technology for remote desktop sharing. VNC enables the visual desktop display of one computer to be remotely viewed and controlled over a network connection. It is similar to MSTSC on windows. It uses the Remote Frame Buffer protocol (RFB) to remotely control another computer.


To install VNC and XFCE on Debian, run the following commands:

$ apt-get update
$ apt-get install xfce4 xfce4-goodies gnome-icon-theme tightvncserver


To Create a VNC User on Debian:
1. Create a user named vnc by using this command.

$ adduser vnc
2. Install sudo by executing this command. We will need to add vnc user to sudo group.
$ apt-get install sudo
3. Now, Add vnc user to sudo group, it will give permission to vnc user to act like a root user and execute root command.
$ gpasswd -a vnc sudo
Adding user vnc to group sudo
4. switch to a vnc user for further operations.
$ su - vnc

Read More

Install Skype on CentOS 7 System - Step by Step Process ?

This article covers how to install Skype on your CentOS 7 desktop system. Running Skype on CentOS/Fedora allows you to make Skype calls, group video calls, instant messaging, phone number calls, and screen sharing.


How to Install Skype on CentOS | Fedora ?

The easiest and quickest way to install Skype on Fedora 34/33/32/31/30 is by using the RPM package. 


1. Download the package using wget command:

$ wget https://repo.skype.com/latest/skypeforlinux-64.rpm

2. Install Skype by running the commands:

### On CentOS and Red Hat systems ###
$ sudo yum localinstall skypeforlinux-64.rpm
### On Fedora 22+ systems ###
$ sudo dnf localinstall skypeforlinux-64.rpm

3. Use the following command to launch Skype from the command line and accept terms and conditions for the first time.

$ skypeforlinux

Read More

Change Timezone on Ubuntu 18.04 - Step by Step Process ?

This article covers how to change timezone in Ubuntu 18.04. If you have set up your Ubuntu system to fetch Automatic Time Zone, it will sync your system through the internet so that it will have the time zone of your closest location.

Most modern distributions such as Fedora, Debian, Ubuntu, Arch, CentOS v.7.x+, and other Unix-based systems use the timedatectl utility. This command allows you to control and edit time and date settings using the command line.


To display the current time and date information use the command:

$ timedatectl

You can set your Ubuntu system to synchronize to the NIST atomic clock:

$ timedatectl set-ntp yes

If you need to turn off NTP synchronizing to be able to adjust the time and date manually, use:

$ timedatectl set-ntp no

Read More

Set Up SSH Keys on CentOS 7 - Step by Step Process ?

This article covers how to create a new SSH key pair and set up an SSH key-based authentication. You can set up same key to multiple remote hosts on CentOS system. Also, you will learn how to disable SSH password authentication.

SSH, or secure shell, is an encrypted protocol used to administer and communicate with servers. When working with a CentOS server, chances are, you will spend most of your time in a terminal session connected to your server through SSH.

SSH keys are typically configured in an authorized_keys file in . ssh subdirectory in the user's home directory. Typically a system administrator would first create a key using ssh-keygen and then install it as an authorized key on a server using the ssh-copy-id tool.

The public key should be stored in the ~/. ssh/authorized_keys file on the server.


To Create the RSA Key Pair:

1. Execute the command below to create a key pair on the client machine (usually your computer):

$ ssh-keygen

2. Press ENTER to save the key pair into the .ssh/ subdirectory in your home directory, or specify an alternate path.


Best Practices to improve SSH Key Security:

  • Discover all SSH Keys and Bring Under Active Management.
  • Ensure SSH Keys Are Associated With a Single Individual.
  • Enforce Minimal Levels of User Rights Through PoLP.
  • Stay Attentive to SSH Key Rotation.
  • Eliminate Hardcoded SSH Keys.
  • Audit All Privileged Session Activity.

Read More

Resources