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Docker

Fuser Command in Linux - Explained with examples

This article covers how to find processes by using the fuser command in Linux. In fact, the fuser command is primarily used to identify processes using files, directories, or sockets.

fuser command Options includes:

-a, --all: Show all files specified on the command line. By default, only files that are accessed by at least one process are shown.
-c: Same as -m option, used for POSIX compatibility.
-f: Silently ignored, used for POSIX compatibility.
-k, --kill: Kill processes accessing the file. Unless changed with -SIGNAL, SIGKILL is sent. An fuser process never kills itself, but may kill other fuser processes. The effective user ID of the process executing fuser is set to its real user ID before attempting to kill.
-i, --interactive: Ask the user for confirmation before killing a process. This option is silently ignored if -k is not also present.
-l, --list-signals: List all known signal names.
-m NAME,
--mount NAME NAME: specifies a file on a mounted file system or a block device that is mounted. All processes accessing files on that file system are listed. If a directory file is specified, it is automatically changed to NAME/. to use any file system that might be mounted on that directory.
-M, --ismountpoint: Request is fulfilled only if NAME specifies a mountpoint. This is an invaluable seatbelt which prevents you from killing the machine if NAME happens to not be a filesystem.
-w: Kill only processes which have write access. This option is silently ignored if -k is not also present.
-n: SPACE,
--namespace SPACE: Select a different name space. The name spaces file (file names, the default), udp (local UDP ports), and tcp (local TCP ports) are supported. For ports, either the port number or the symbolic name can be specified. If there is no ambiguity, the shortcut notation name/space (e.g., 80/tcp) can be used.
-s, --silent: Silent operation. -u and -v are ignored in this mode. -a must not be used with -s.
-SIGNAL: Use the specified signal instead of SIGKILL when killing processes. Signals can be specified either by name (e.g., -HUP) or by number (e.g., -1). This option is silently ignored if the -k option is not also present.
-u, --user: Append the username of the process owner to each PID.
-v, --verbose: Verbose mode. Processes are shown in a ps-like style. The fields PID, USER, and COMMAND are similar to ps. ACCESS shows how the process accesses the file. Verbose mode also shows when a particular file is being access as a mount point, knfs export or swap file. In this case, kernel is shown instead of the PID.
-V, --version: Display version information.
-4, --ipv4: Search only for IPv4 sockets. This option must not be used with the -6 option and only has an effect with the tcp and udp namespaces.
-6, --ipv6: Search only for IPv6 sockets. This option must not be used with the -4 option and only has an effect with the tcp and udp namespaces.
- : Reset all options and set the signal back to SIGKILL.

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Windows

The Best 7 Free and Open-Source Exam Software Solutions

This article covers the best 7 free and open-source exam software solutions are Uxpertise XP, Test Invite, FlexiQuiz, TestGorilla, YouTestMe, Synap and TCExam respectively. In fact, these platforms comprise superlative and intuitive features that empower universities, colleges, companies, and even the private or public selection authorities in examining and determining the right and the best candidates.

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Linux Tutorial

Install John the Ripper on Linux Mint 20 - Step by step guide ?

This article covers how you can conveniently install and learn to use John the Ripper on a Linux Mint 20 system. In fact, this tool will not only help you in checking the strength of your passwords but will also help you in recovering them if needed.