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Mail Command in Linux - Explained with examples

This article covers the Complete guide for setting up a mail server using Postfix, Dovecot & SquirrelMail. 


Linux mail command Options:

  • -a, --append=HEADER: VALUE: Append given header to the message being sent.
  • -e, --exist: Return true if mail exists.
  • -E, --exec=COMMAND: Execute COMMAND.
  • -f, --file[=URL]: Operate on given mailbox URL. The default mailbox is ~/mbox.
  • -F, --byname: Save messages according to sender.
  • -H, --headers: Write a header summary and exit.
  • -i, --ignore: Ignore interrupts.
  • -n, --norc: Do not read the system mailrc file.
  • -N, --nosum: Do not display initial header summary.
  • -p, --print: Print all mail to standard output.
  • -q, --quit: Cause interrupts to terminate program.
  • -r, --read: Same as -p
  • -s, --subject=SUBJ: Send a message with a subject of SUBJ.
  • -t, --to: Precede message by a list of addresses.
  • -u, --user=USER: Operate on USER's mailbox.
  • --license: Print license and exit.
  • --external-locker=PATH: Set full path of the external locker program
  • --lock-expire-timeout=SECONDS: Number of seconds after which the lock expires.
  • --lock-flags=FLAGS: Default locker flags (E=external, R=retry, T=time, P=pid)
  • --lock-retry-count=NUMBER: Set the maximum number of times to retry acquiring the lockfile.
  • --lock-retry-timeout=SECONDS: Set timeout for acquiring the lockfile.
  • -m, --mail-spool=URL: Use specified URL as a mailspool directory.
  • --mailbox-type=PROTO: Default mailbox type to use.
  • --tls[=BOOL]: Enable TLS support.
  • -?, --help: Display a help message and exit.
  • --usage: Display a short usage message and exit.
  • -V, --version: Display program version and exit.


Mv Command in Linux - Explained with Examples

This article covers how to use the mv command in Linux.


mv command Options

  • --backup[=vcm]: Make a backup of each existing destination file, using the version control method vcm. If vcm is omitted, --backup behaves the same as -b (backups are created, using the default version control method). See backing up files for details.
  • -b: Like --backup, but does not accept a backup method. Instead, the method specified by the VERSION_CONTROL environment variable is used. Simple backups are created if the variable is not set. See version control methods for details.
  • -f, --force: Always overwrite existing files without prompting. This can be useful if you need to overwrite multiple files whose permissions are read-only; if you don't specify -f, you are prompted for every file.
  • -i, --interactive: Prompt before overwriting an existing file, regardless of the file's permissions.
  • -n, --no-clobber: Never overwrite any existing file.
  • --strip-trailing-slashes: Remove any trailing slashes from each source argument.
  • -S, --suffix=suffix: Specify the file name suffix to be used for all backup files. The default is "~".
  • -t,
  • --target-directory=destination: Move all sources into the directory destination.
  • -T, --no-target-directory: Treat destination as a normal file, not as a directory.
  • -u, --update: Don't overwrite files if they're newer. A move only happens if the destination file is older than the source file, or the destination file does not already exist.
  • -v, --verbose: Provide verbose output. Print the name of every file moved.
  • --help: Display a help message, and exit.
  • --version: Display version information, and exit.


Install Psensor Temperature Monitoring Application on Ubuntu 20.04 - Step by step guide ?

This article covers how to install the Psensor Temperature Monitoring Application on the Ubuntu machine through the command line and graphically.


psensor can monitor:

  • the temperature of the motherboard and CPU sensors (using lm-sensors).
  • the temperature of the NVidia GPUs (using XNVCtrl).
  • the temperature of the Hard Disk Drives (using hddtemp or atasmart lib).
  • the rotation speed of the fans (using lm-sensors).
  • the sensors of a remote computer (using psensor-server).


How to Install psensor Using apt on Ubuntu Linux system ?

Update apt database with apt using the following command:

$ sudo apt update

After updating apt database, We can install psensor using apt by running the following command:

$ sudo apt -y install psensor


Install Joomla on Rocky Linux 8 - Step by step guide ?

This article covers how to install Joomla on Rocky Linux 8. In fact, Joomla is an open-source and PHP-based content management system used for creating different types of websites including blogs, eCommerce storefronts, and marketing sites. It is simple, user-friendly, and provides an easy way to build dynamic and powerful websites.


Install Gradle on Debian 10 - Step by step guide ?

This article covers how to install Gradle on a Debian 10 machine. In fact, Gradle is an open-source tool for build automation Java, Groovy, and Scala development. It relies on the concepts of Ant and Maven to automate the building process.


How to Install gradle on Debian Using apt ?

Update apt database with apt using the following command:

$ sudo apt update

After updating apt database, We can install gradle using apt by running the following command:

$ sudo apt -y install gradle


How To Uninstall gradle on Ubuntu 21.10 ?

To uninstall only the gradle package we can use the following command:

$ sudo apt-get remove gradle

We can use the following command to remove gradle configurations, data and all of its dependencies, we can use the following command:

$ sudo apt-get -y autoremove --purge gradle


Install gLabels Publisher on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS - Step by step guide ?

This article covers how to install gLabels which is a unique desktop publishing for label designing. In fact, gLabels is designed to work with various laser/ink-jet peel-off label and business card sheets that you'll find at most office supply stores. gLabels also supports mail merge from sources such as CSV files, vCards and Evolution data servers.


How to Install glabels on Ubuntu Using apt ?

Update apt database with apt using the following command:

$ sudo apt update

After updating apt database, We can install glabels using apt by running the following command:

$ sudo apt -y install glabels